HDPE
ʻO ka polyethylene kiʻekiʻe-kala (HDPE) ai 'ole polyethylene kiʻekiʻe-ukana (HDPE) he a polyethylene mea ʻeleʻele hana ʻia mai ka ʻaila. Kāhea ʻia ia i kekahi manawa ʻo "alkathene" a i ʻole "polythene" ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā paipu. Me ka lakio kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe-to-density, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HDPE i ka hana ʻana o ʻili aila, kaomi uila-pale, geomembranes, a ʻōpala uila. Hoʻohana hou ʻia ʻo HDPE, a loaʻa iā ia ka helu "2" ma ke ʻano he code resin identification (ma mua i kapa ʻia he hōʻailona hana hou).
I ka makahiki 2007, ua hōʻea ka mākeke HDPE i ka nui o nā mea he 30 miliona mau mea.
Nā Kuleana
ʻIke ʻia ʻo HDPE no ka lakio lakio ikaika-i-nuʻa. Hiki ke ākea o HDPE mai 0.93 a 0.97 g / cm3 aiʻole 970 kg / m3. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka HDPE ma mua o ka polyethylene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, he mau lālā liʻiliʻi kā HDPE, e hāʻawi ana iā ia i nā ikaika intermolecular ikaika a me ka ikaika ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o LDPE. ʻOi aku ka ʻokoʻa o ka ikaika i ka ʻokoʻa o ka mānoanoa, e hāʻawi ana iā HDPE i kahi ikaika kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī a ʻoi aku ka opaque a hiki ke kū i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (120 ° C / 248 ° F no nā wā pōkole, 110 ° C / 230 ° F mau). ʻO polyethylene kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe, ʻokoʻa ka polypropylene, ʻaʻole hiki ke kū mau i nā kūlana autoclaving e koi ʻia. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka nele o nā lālā e nā koho kūpono o ka catalyst (eg, Ziegler-Natta catalysts) a me nā ʻano hopena.
noi
Kūpaʻa ka HDPE no nā ʻano kala he nui a he ʻano nui o nā palapala noi:
- Kauhi ʻaulu wai
- 3-D kānana mīkini paʻi
- Papa Hana (Puck board)
- Hoʻopili i kaʻoki
- Nā ʻāpana poepoe
- hae
- Nā pahu ʻahuʻula
- Pipa-pale kūleʻa
- Kālā coax i loko o ka insulator
- Nā mea mālama kai
- Nā wahie kaʻaahi no nā kaʻa
- Hoʻopiʻi pale no nā paila kila
- Hovercraft Pilikino; kaumaha loa no ka hana maikaʻi
- Nā ʻāpana elekiko a me nā lākeke
- Nā lehele Far-IR
- Na noho papa a me nā papa
- ʻO Geomembrane no nā noi hydraulic (e like me nā kanawai a me nā hoʻopiʻi kala) a me nā lako kemikū
- Hoʻolaha ʻōnaehana uila hoʻoneʻe wela
- ʻO nā waiho ahi hana hoʻomehana i ke ahi
- * Kahi no nā kāmaʻa
- ʻŌnaehana ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana kino maoli
- Fireworks
- Nā peke'ōmaʻa
- ʻO nā hue plastik kūpono kūpono no ke kipi (like me nā waiū waiū) a hoʻohana hou ʻia
- Nā ʻili palepū
- Plastik ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa (skeletal a me reconstruction facial)
- ʻAiʻa ʻia
- Nā kāʻei pahu pahu a me nā pahu
- Ka pepa pōhaku
- Nā hale mālama mālama
- Nā kikowaena kelepona
- ʻO Tyvek
- ʻO nā paipu wai no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka wai me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻouluulu
- ʻO nā mea hoʻohana pepa plastik (hoʻohana i nā polymers i hana ʻia)
Hoʻohana ʻia ka HDPE no nā liners kelepona ma nā kumuwaiwai papa wai, kahi nui o nā keʻena HDPE paha i ka extrusion a wedge paha e hana i kahi pāhoehue-pale homogeneous, me ka manaʻo e pale i ka haumia o ka lepo a me ka wai wai e nā mea hoʻomala o ka solid solid hoʻopau.
Hoʻololi ʻia ka HDPE e ka kālepa pyrotechnics no nā papa molima ma mua o ke koʻi a me nā tuba PVC, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka palekana a me ka palekana. Hōʻihi ʻia ka HDPE a ʻāwī paha i kahi hana hewa ʻole ma kahi o ka uha a lilo i shrapnel e like me nā lako hana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā pahu waiū a me nā ukana hollow ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia ma o uapo kikoho ʻo ia ka wahi noi nui no HDPE, e helu ana i ka hapakolu o ka hana honua, a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 8 miliona mau tona. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana hou ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ʻo HDPE e nā recyclebots i filament no nā mīkini paʻi 3-D ma o ka hoʻopanapona ʻana. Aia kekahi mau hōʻike e ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ikehu o kēia ʻano o ka hana hou ʻana ma mua o ka hana maʻamau maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻopili i kahi ikehu i hoʻokomo ʻia no ka lawe ʻana.
Ma mua o nā mea āpau, ʻo Kina, kahi i lawe mua ʻia ai nā hue mea inu mai HDPE i ka makahiki 2005, kahi mākeke ulu no ka hoʻopili paʻa HDPE, ma muli o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka nohona. I India a me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe e noho nui ana, nā hoʻonui kūwaho e hoʻopili ana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā paipu a me nā hoʻoweliweli uea i hana ʻia mai HDPE. Ua pōmaikaʻi nā mea mai nā kūkā kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā pilikia olakino a me ke kaiapuni i hoʻokumu ʻia e PVC a me Polycarbonate e pili ana iā Bisphenol A, a me nā mea maikaʻi ma mua o ke kīʻaha, metala, a me ka pepa pahu.